1. Particle / 조사

Korean postpositions are suffixes or short words in Korean grammar that immediately follow a noun or pronoun.

1) 은/는 : Used as a topic particle or a subject particle. 은 is used following a consonant, 는 is used following a vowel.

M: Who’s that?
M: I am Maru.

jeo
sa ra meun
nu gu ye yo

jeo neun
ma ru ye yo


 

2) 이/가 : Used as an identifier particle or a subject particle. 이 is used following a consonant, 가 is used following a vowel.

M: What is your name?
Y: I am getting married next month.

i reu mi
mwo ye yo

je ga
da eum
da re
gyeol hon hae yo


 

3) 을/를 : Used as an object particle. 을 is used following a consonant, 를 is used following a vowel.

Y: I’m cleaning up the kitchen.
M: Where are you cleaning up?

bu eo keul
cheong so hae yo

eo di reul
cheong so hae yo


 

4) 과/와 : Translates to “and” (conjunction), “with” or “as with” (preposition). 과 is used following a consonant, 와 is used following a vowel.

Y: I have dinner at home with my family.
Y: I walk the dog.

ji be seo
ga jok kkwa
ham kke
meo geo yo

gang a ji wa
san chae geul
hae yo


 

5) : Functions as possession indicator, noun link, topic marker.

Y: It’s Roi’s bag.

i geon
ro i ui
ga bang i e yo

 

6) : Used for any words relating to time or place.

M: See you later.

da eu me
tto
man na yo

 

7) 에서 : Translates to “from” when used with a motion verb. May also be used as “at”, “in” when used with an action verb which is not motion related.

M: What are you doing in Korea?

han gu ge seo
mwo
hae yo

 

8) 으로/로 : Used to mark the instrumental case, which can also denote destination or role. 으로 is used following a consonant other than ‘ㄹ’, which is abbreviated to 로 following a vowel or a consonant ‘ㄹ’.

Y: Turn left at the corner.
M: Where are you going for your trip?

geo gi seo
oen jjo geu ro
do se yo

eo di ro
gal
kkeo ye yo


 

 9)  : Used as an additive particle. When dealing with additive qualities/descriptions of the same subject, 또한 is used.

Y: Nice to meet you, too.

jeo do
man na seo
ban ga wo yo

 

10) 에게/한테 : Used as a dative particle. 에게 is the literary form, and 한테 is the colloquial form.

M: Say hi to Roi for me.
Y: It was a gift from my friend…

ro i e ge
an bu
jeon hae ju se yo

chin gu han te
seon mul
ba deun
u sa nin de


 

11) : 께 is the honorific dative marker.

M: We have ceremonies to pay respect to our ancestors and eat various dishes and rice cake soup.

a chi me
jo sang nim kke
cha rye reul
ji nae go
yeo reo
ga ji
eum sik kkwa
tteok kku geul
meo geo yo

 

12) : Translates to “only”, used after a noun.

M: One second. I’ll help you when I am done with this work.

jam kkan ma nyo
i
il man
kkeun nae go
do wa
jul kke yo

 

Reference : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_particles

 

2. Ending / 어미

Coming Soon